Fig. 7

Isolation-by-distance and “isolation-by-oceanography”. A Isolation-by-distance (IBD) model with squared correlation between genetic distance, estimated as linearized pairwise FST (pwG''ST/(1 − pwG''ST)), and physical distance, measured as log(km) between each pair of sampling locations; B “Isolation-by-oceanography (IBO)” model, also with squared correlation between genetic distance (pwG''ST /(1 − pwG''ST)) and oceanographic distance measured as the inverse connectivity between two sampling locations based on spore dispersal simulations. Regression lines are shown. P-values are obtained from a simple Mantel test (50,000 permutations)