Fig. 2

Genomic and functional characterization of plasmids in the Halobacterium salinarum AD88 genome. The figure displays circular maps of two plasmids, Plasmid I (22,589 bp) and Plasmid II (115,924 bp), highlighting their genomic structure and annotated genes. The outermost rings represent annotated genes categorized by their functions. Genes associated with antibiotic resistance are labeled in red (e.g., tetracycline resistance gene tet, β-lactam resistance gene OXA, and macrolide resistance genes erm and msr). Mobile genetic elements, such as transposases and insertion sequences, regions involved in horizontal gene transfer, replication and plasmid stability are highlighted in purple, including ori regions and partitioning systems. The concentric circles indicate GC content (black) and GC skew (innermost), visualizing nucleotide composition patterns for each plasmid